Solar-Assisted Intelligent Street Cleaning Robot
Keywords:
Bluetooth Control, ESP32 Microcontroller, Photovoltaic Solar Panel, Renewable Energy, Smart Street Cleaning, Ultrasonic SensorAbstract
Rapid urbanization has increased street-level waste, while conventional cleaning remains labour-intensive and fuel-dependent. This paper presents a Solar-Assisted Intelligent Street Cleaning Robot that automates cleaning with renewable energy. An ESP32 microcontroller is operated wirelessly through a Bluetooth mobile application. Power comes from a 12V photovoltaic panel and rechargeable Li-ion battery via a DC-DC buck converter, supporting battery operation with solar-assisted charging. Four DC geared motors drive locomotion and two power rotary brushes; an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor provides real-time obstacle detection. Outdoor trials on a 20 m² area showed 88% cleaning coverage (17.6 m²), 95% obstacle-avoidance (19 of 20 trials) at a 20 cm threshold, about 90% removal of light debris (dust and paper), and average power of 38 W over 30 minutes (approximately 19 Wh). The prototype combines solar operation, wireless control, and obstacle avoidance for energy-conscious, low-labour street cleaning.
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Data Availability Statement
No external datasets were used in this study. The research is based on the proposed methodology, and no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study
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